This article was originally published on September 23 ,2024, and was updated as of June 2, 2025 to reflect timely credit information.
Key takeaways about credit score killers:
- Your credit score is influenced by five key factors: payment history, credit utilization, length of credit history, new credit, and credit mix.
- Common credit score killers include late payments, maxed-out cards, and multiple credit applications.
- Lesser-known causes include paying off a loan early, not using credit, or even co-signing for someone else.
- Lowering your balances and making on-time payments are two of the fastest ways to raise your score.
- A certified nonprofit credit counselor can help you take action and repair your score ethically and legally.
Have you recently checked your credit report and thought, “Why did my credit score go down?” You’re not alone. Millions of Americans experience sudden credit score drops and don’t always understand why. The reasons aren’t always obvious. While it’s easy to assume it’s from a late payment or high balance, the truth is that many seemingly harmless financial habits could be quietly lowering your score.
In this comprehensive guide, we’ll break down both the well-known and lesser-known causes of a lower credit score. Whether your available credit is suddenly lower, you’re wondering what brings down a credit score, or you’re simply trying to figure out how to raise it again, we’ve got you covered. Let’s explore the answers together – and give you the tools to bounce back fast.

What Is a Credit Score and Why Does It Drop?
Your credit score is a three-digit number that summarizes your creditworthiness. It tells lenders how risky or reliable you might be when it comes to borrowing money. Ranging from 300 to 850, the higher your score, the better your financial standing.
So, why is my credit down all of a sudden? Credit scores fluctuate based on the information in your credit report, and even small changes can cause significant swings. Understanding what affects your score – and which factors you can control- is key to keeping it high.
What are some obvious credit score killers?
For starters, let’s go over those well-known actions (or inactions) that can take a toll on your credit score. We’ve discussed these in other CredEvolv blogs, but we can never talk about them too much. You can never be reminded about them too often, either!
- Missed or late payments. Late payments are the number one reason credit scores drop. Since payment history accounts for 35% of your FICO score, even a single late payment can send your score plummeting. This includes not just loans and credit cards but also utility bills, phone bills, and rent if reported.
- Maxing out your credit cards. When you use too much of your credit limit, your credit utilization ratio goes up. This is the percentage of your available credit that you’re using – and it should ideally stay below 30%. High utilization tells lenders you might be overextended.
- Tip: Even if you pay your card in full each month, a high balance on the statement date can still hurt your score.
- Closing old credit accounts. It seems logical to close unused cards, but this can actually be a mistake. Doing so reduces your available credit and increases your credit utilization. It also may shorten your average credit history, which negatively affects your score.
- Applying for too much new credit at once. Each time you apply for new credit, a hard inquiry appears on your report. While one or two are fine, several within a short timeframe can make it look like you’re desperate for credit. This can bring your credit down fast.
Too many hard inquiries in a short period of time can be a red flag to lenders.
What are some not-so-obvious credit score killers?
Now for the sneaky ones. These actions might seem responsible or harmless but can negatively impact your credit score.
- Not using credit at all. Believe it or not, not using credit can hurt your credit score. If you rarely use your cards or don’t have any open credit lines, there’s not enough data for credit bureaus to evaluate your financial behavior. Inactivity can lead to account closures and lower scores.
- Paying off a loan early. Yes, being debt-free is great, but paying off an installment loan early can slightly lower your score. This happens because it changes your credit mix and shortens your credit history. While temporary, it’s something to be aware of.
- Having only one type of credit. A healthy credit mix includes both revolving credit (like credit cards) and installment loans (like auto or mortgage loans). If you only have one type, it could negatively impact your score.
- Co-signing a loan. If you co-sign for someone and they miss payments or default, your credit takes the same hit as theirs. Even if you’re financially responsible, someone else’s actions can drag your score down.
Why Is My Available Credit Lower?
Seeing a drop in available credit can be confusing and frustrating. It might be because:
- A lender reduced your credit limit due to inactivity or credit risk
- You closed a credit card account
- A high balance increased your credit utilization
When your available credit is lower, your utilization goes up, which is one of the most common answers to “what brings down credit score” in modern credit systems.
How can I boost my credit score quickly?
While there’s no overnight fix, these actions can deliver fast, measurable improvements to your credit score:
- Pay On Time, Every Time: Set up autopay or calendar reminders to ensure your bills are never late. Consistency is key. Even the minimum payment is better than none at all.
- Lower Your Balances: Focus on paying down your highest interest debts first, but also aim to keep each card’s utilization below 30%. If possible, request a credit limit increase to improve your utilization ratio.
- Check Your Credit Reports for Errors: You’re entitled to a free report annually from all three bureaus at Annual Credit Report. Here are hree major credit bureaus (Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion). Looks for errors like these and dispute any inaccuracies to have them removed.
- Duplicate account
- Incorrect balances
- Late payments you didn’t make
- Limit new credit applications: Only apply for credit when needed. Every new application creates a hard inquiry, which can drop your score temporarily.
- Become an Authorized User: If a trusted family member or friend adds you as an authorized user on a well-managed credit card, it can help build your credit history and improve your score.
Why Work With a Nonprofit Credit Counselor?
When your score has dropped significantly or you feel stuck, working with a certified credit counselor can help you build a path forward.
- You’ll Get Personalized, Professional Help: CredEvolv partners with certified, nonprofit credit counselors who assess your credit, your goals, and your budget to create a tailored action plan – and even help execute it.
- You Can Access Ethical Credit Support: Not all credit help is created equal. Many credit repair companies make false promises or charge high fees for services you could do yourself. At CredEvolv, we work with nonprofit credit counselors who follow legal, ethical, and compliance standards.
- You Might Qualify for a Debt Management Plan: Credit counselors can help consolidate high-interest debt into a single, manageable monthly payment. This can reduce stress and improve your credit over time. And it won’t be a one-size-fits-all solution either. It will be tailored to the specifics of your current situation and future goals
- You Can Improve Budgeting Skills:A key part of improving your credit is having a strong, realistic budget. Counselors can help you build one that supports long-term financial health.
Final Thoughts: It’s Never Too Late to Rebuild Your Credit
Your credit score is not permanent. It changes constantly based on your behavior. If you’ve made a mistake or run into hard times, don’t panic. The path back to good credit is always available.
Understand what brings down your credit score, avoid unnecessary pitfalls, and start making strategic choices today. Whether it’s fixing errors, paying down debt, or simply using your credit more wisely, small actions lead to big improvements.
And if you’re feeling overwhelmed or unsure where to start, trust your gut – then trust us. Connect with a certified, nonprofit credit counselor through CredEvolv and take the first step toward a healthier financial future.